Old Age - A Social Problem

Abstract

Old age is an inevitable stage of human life, yet in modern India it has emerged as a serious social problem. Unlike earlier times when elders held respected positions within families and communities, rapid industrialization, urbanization, disintegration of joint families, and changing social values have marginalized them. This paper examines the biological, psychological, social, and economic dimensions of aging, highlighting issues such as declining health, loss of income, dependence, loneliness, and reduced social status. It also explores how modernization, erosion of traditional systems like caste and joint families, and occupational changes have intensified these challenges. Using secondary data sources, the study emphasizes that old age problems are not uniform across rural, urban, and tribal societies, but are shaped by geography, family structures, and socio-economic conditions. The findings underline the urgent need for social awareness, supportive policies, and community initiatives to address the growing crisis of elderly care in India.