STUDY OF POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
Abstract
Pollen morphology was investigated in ten common ornamental plant species: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn, Rosa indica L.., Ixora coccinea L., Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, Portulaca oleraceae L., Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn., Clitoria ternatea L., Zephyranthes candida (Lindl.) Herb., and Polianthes tuberosa L. Observations were made using photographic documentation and standard palynological references. The study recorded morphological traits including pollen size, shape, aperture type, and surface ornamentation. Pollen size ranged from small (~18 µm) in Sphagneticola to very large (>135 µm) in Hibiscus. Most dicot families (Rosaceae, Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Talinaceae, Malvaceae, Portulacaceae) exhibited tricolporate or colporate (three-aperture) pollen, whereas monocots (Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae) displayed monosulcate or disulcate pollen types. Surface ornamentation showed notable variation, such as spiny/echinate exine in Hibiscus and perforate or reticulate patterns in other taxa. These variations reflected taxonomic relationships and possible adaptations to different pollination syndromes. The findings highlight the value of pollen morphological characteristics as diagnostic tools in plant identification and as indicators in evolutionary and systematic studies.
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