MIGRANT SHEPHERDS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN KONKAN

Abstract

This study examines the traditional seasonal migration of shepherd families in Western Maharashtra, focusing on an estimated 200 to 250 families from Khandala taluka who travel annually to the Konkan region in search of suitable grazing lands. This movement is essential for the economic survival of these households and the health of their livestock. The research investigated the socio-economic conditions, pastoral practices, and challenges faced by a sample of 30 migrant shepherd families. Data was gathered using interviews, observations, and discussions with local experts. The findings show that migrant shepherds contribute significantly to Konkan's animal husbandry sector by maintaining indigenous sheep and goat breeds, improving soil fertility through manure deposition, and supplying livestock products to rural markets. However, they also encounter numerous challenges, including shrinking grazing lands, restrictions imposed by forest departments, limited access to veterinary services, climate-related uncertainties, and social exclusion during migration. Despite these difficulties, migratory pastoralism continues to provide livelihood security and supports sustainable livestock management in the region. The study highlights the need for stronger policy support, improved veterinary outreach, and recognition of pastoral mobility as an integral part of rural development in Konkan.