EVOLUTION OF CONSERVATION POLICIES ON FOREST COVER CHANGES IN KOYNA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
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Forest##common.commaListSeparator## Forest Policy##common.commaListSeparator## Conservation##article.abstract##
Assessing and monitoring changes of forest cover on the Earth's surface is essential to understanding the relationships and interactions between natural and man-made phenomena. Deforestation has created many environmental, economic and social problems on the earth surface. For any country, forest policies are important guidelines for maintaining and restoring forest resources and their interactions with other land utilization. India formulated its first National Forest Policy during the British period and it was revised several times after independence. After the implementation of the Forest Policy, the effects of changes in forest cover should be evaluated. This paper examines the impact of forest conservation policy over the forest cover of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary in Maharashtra using the geospatial technology. Landsat satellite data of 1977, 1995, 2014 and IRS of 2021 were used for land use/land cover changes mapping. The overall accuracy of the study area is between 85 to 91.25 %. The results shows that forest cover changes were occurred at different rates during study period. The results showed that the policies had a statistically significant positive effect on forest cover change after thirty-six years of implementation and total forest cover gain 2.12 sq. km over the evaluation period. The methods and results of this study will be useful to continue the implementation of these conservation strategies in future.
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