Geo-Environmental Analysis of Saline Soils in Mauje Digraj, Sangli District, Maharashtra

सार

Soil chemistry is the study of the chemical characteristics of soil. Soil chemistry is affected by mineral composition, organic matter and environmental factors. Until the late 1960s, Soil chemistry focused primarily on chemical reactions in the soil that contribute to pedogenesis or that affect plant growth. Soil contains high amounts of salts (Nitrogen, Potassium, Chloride), which is called saline soil. Soils that have high electrical conductivity. Therefore, the crops needed in agriculture are not suitable. Maharashtra is facing the problem of increasing saline soil area. To study these problems geographically, we selected the village of Mauje Digraj in Miraj taluka which is situated on the banks of Krishna River in Sangli District. The present paper based on primary and secondary data. Primary data collected through observation, interview and questionnaire. The secondary data of groundwater records office (ground water survey and agency) has been used for taken Survey numbers of the saline soil area at Present village. Google Earth Pro is a software platform that allows to view satellite images from the past. For study changes over location and time, were used satellite imagery to determine the polygon of the saline soil area in 2010 and 2023. Also, visited this saline soil sites and collected soil samples there for pH studies. These samples were studied in the pH laboratory and its distribution has been studied in the geographic information system. Field visits examined the ground truth of the village geomorphology and the authenticity of the satellite imagery. Also taken interview of farmers about saline soils to understand the problems and analyzed all the data and suggested solutions. This leads to the conclusion that saline soils are no longer a problem but solutions have been found to rehabilitate them. So that the saline land can be made fertile again. E.g. Drainage of soluble salts by making small plots of 20-20 gunthas to remove soluble salts in the field. Applying 20 to 25 tons per hectare of organic fertilizers to saline soils etc. to increase soil fertility.