ROLE OF KASALGANGA PROJECT IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SOLAPUR DISTRICT (MAHARASHTRA): A GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH

Abstract

The Kasalganga Project, launched under the Amrit Mahotsav of Indian Independence and the state-wide “Chala Jaanuya Nadila” campaign, is a watershed-based initiative aimed at revitalizing seasonal rivers to ensure sustainable water use in drought-affected areas of Maharashtra. Centered on the Kasalganga River, a tributary of the Bhima in Solapur district, the project covers about 400 sq. km and benefits nearly 25 villages. Construction of more than 50 cement and stone bunds extended river flow from a few weeks to almost six months annually, improving irrigation, groundwater recharge, and soil conservation. The study, based on primary surveys and secondary sources, reveals major agricultural gains—sugarcane production rose by 378.76% and incomes by over 500%—alongside diversification into horticulture and triple-cropping systems. Socially, migration declined from 40% to 10%, housing and basic amenities improved, and women gained greater participation in education and income activities. Environmentally, the project fostered afforestation, reduced erosion, and promoted sustainable practices. Overall, it serves as a replicable model of integrated watershed management, enhancing agriculture, livelihoods, and ecological resilience in drought-prone regions.